Population genetic structure of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) in Belarus according to the analysis of chloroplast DNA

Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) is one of the main forest forming species in Republic Belarus. Its population genetic structure was formed under influence various migration processes. Six chloroplast DNA loci (µdt1, µdt3, µdt4, µcd4, µcd5 and µkk4) were used for genogeographic study. The material analysis collected 100 stands (2325 samples); 18 allelic variants identified, which are grouped into 17 different combinations (haplotypes). Five them widespread (the proportion occurrence varies from 7 to 48 %, totalling 85 %). remaining 12 rare 1 3 15 Phylogenetic trees constructed using nearest neighbour maximum likelihood methods show presence two groups (branches) haplotypes. One it comprises 8 including 2 dominant haplotypes other 9 PCR-RFLP showed that pedunculate Belarus originates Balkan refugium. Haplotype No. (µdt189, µdt3123, µdt4142, µcd494, µcd574, µkk4109) found almost everywhere with exception southwest northeast, while haplotype µdt3121, mainly localised northeast. Haplotypes µdt3120, µdt4141, µcd575, µdt3122, predominantly west country. (µdt190, µcd495, typical southeast.